Spring Boot is an open-source Java-based framework used to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring applications with minimal configuration. It is built on top of the Spring Framework and simplifies the development of Java applications by providing convention-over-configuration and embedded server support.

Features of Spring Boot

Auto-configuration - Automatically configures application components based on dependencies present in the classpath.

Standalone Applications - Provides built-in servers like Tomcat, Jetty, and Undertow, eliminating the need for external application servers.

Microservices Support - Well-suited for building microservices-based architectures due to its lightweight and modular design.

Spring Boot Starter Packs - Pre-defined dependency management to simplify integration with commonly used libraries.

Actuator - Provides production-ready features such as monitoring and health checks.

Externalized Configuration - Allows configuration using properties, YAML files, or environment variables.

Spring Boot CLI - Enables command-line interface operations for quick application development.

Architecture of Spring Boot
Spring Boot follows a layered architecture, including:

Presentation Layer - Handles HTTP requests using controllers and RESTful APIs.

Business Layer - Contains service classes and business logic.

Persistence Layer - Manages database interactions using JPA, Hibernate, or JDBC.

Integration Layer - Connects external systems and third-party services.

Getting Started with Spring Boot
To create a Spring Boot application, follow these steps:

Setup Development Environment - Install Java (JDK 8 or later) and an IDE like IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse.

Create a Spring Boot Project - Use Spring Initializr to generate a starter project.

Define Dependencies - Include required dependencies in pom.xml (for Maven) or build.gradle (for Gradle).

Develop Application Components - Implement controllers, services, and repositories.

Run the Application - Use mvn spring-boot:run or java -jar application.jar.

Example: Hello World Application

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldApplication.class, args);
}
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
class HelloWorldController {
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "Hello, Spring Boot!";
}
}

Conclusion
Spring Boot simplifies Java application development by reducing boilerplate code and enhancing productivity. With its powerful features and built-in functionalities, it has become the preferred choice for building modern, scalable, and resilient applications.

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